(Dwarf cerastium, Cerastium pumilum, is today's plant , dedicated to
this saint.)
St Chad of Mercia ( Anglo-Saxon 'Ceadda'; d. March 2, 672 ) was a monk
and priest in 7 th -Century England , in Mercia , one ofthe kingdoms
of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy . Ceadda was possibly derived from a
pre-Christian deity of healing springs and holy wells , and the saint
is the patron of such wells. His symbol was Crann Bethadh , the Tree
of Life or World Tree.
Regarded as the missionary who introduced Christianity among the East
Saxons, Chad was a student of St Aidan at the Celtic monastery at
Lindisfarne , or Holy Island, of which he became the bishop. He was
also Bishop of Mercia and went about on foot, preaching, teaching the
poorest. He travelled to Ireland as a monk, and there was ordained as
a priest.
From Wikipedia : Shortly after the Synod of Whitby in 663 / 4 , Chad
was invited to become Bishop of York by King Oswiu of Northumbria
after the first choice for the position, Saint Wilfrid , failed to
return from France, where he had gone in order to beconsecrated to the
position. In 666 Wilfrid returned from France freshly consecrated as
Bishop of York , only to find Chad already occupying the same
position. In 669 the Archbishop of Canterbury persuaded Chad to step
down and allow Wilfred to take over; Chad stepped down gracefully.
Later that same year, King Wulfhere of Mercia requested a bishop.
Impressed by Chad's humility (he refused to ride a horse, preferring
to walk as Jesus had), Archbishop Theodore of Tarsus sent Chad. Under
Chad, theSee of Mercia was fixed at Lichfield . He was the first
bishop of Mercia and Lindsey. Chad then proceeded to carry out
missionaryand pastoral work within the kingdom.
In old age he settled with some monks near Lichfield. Seven days
before his death, a monk named Arvinus, who was outside the building
in which he lay, heard music of a host of angels who attended the
dying saint.
Chad became the patron saint of medicinal springs (see Sacred Springs
and Wells ). According to the Venerable Bede , once when Chad spoke,
angelic singing descended from heaven and wentinto his voice for half
an hour, then went back up to heaven. When he died he was attended
bymusical angels and his brother's soul.
He died in Stow, 700, and later hisbones were 'translated' (moved) to
the church of Saint Mary at Lichfield. The number of pilgrims raised
it from a small village to a large town. In his tomb there was a hole,
through which pilgrims used to take out portions of the dust, which
they mixed with holy water and gave to animals and humans to drink,
for it could cure disease. Or, so it is said.
On the east side of the town is St Chad's Well, at the bottom of which
is a stone, which they say Chad used to stand on, naked in the water,
while preaching. The well, above which a shrine was erected, is
supposed to cure sore eyes, among many diseases ...
St Chad lore for wells and fountains
Today, St Chad's day, is the day to clean and groom holy wells and
fountains, known in Britain as well-dressing. Other days include
Ascension Day , when in places such as Lichfield in England, villagers
walked around the boundaries of the cathedral precinct area, carrying
elm boughsand beating the eight places where wells had once been or
still were present. In some places, such as Wirksworth, England,
Pentecost Day was a day for well dressing.
Wells traditionally have mystical significance. Even today, wishing
wells are common in parks and even may be found in shopping malls.
Ancient Britain gives us many well customs. The first waterdrawn from
a well on January 1 is supposed to bring fortune and happiness, and is
called 'the cream of the well'. It is customary to leave petals
floating on the water. The wells at Wark , in Northumberland, UK, are
supposed to have magical powers on New Year's Day . In Wales , drawing
fresh spring wateras a New Year's Day custom might have survived at
the town of Tenby (a town in Pembrokeshire , west Wales ) as late as
the 1950s..
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